Monthly Archives: January 2025

　　On January 31st, 2024, JAC Ruifeng RF8 was officially launched, becoming the third vehicle equipped with a large cylindrical battery. The other two are: JAC Yttrium 3, which was listed on June 16, 2023, and Tesla Cybertruck, which recently toured China.In today’s market background, 隔膜 Still maintain a strong sales data, and constantly beat the competitors in front of us. https://www.canrud.com/products?keyword=separator

　　Of course, the official name of Cybertruck in China is Cybercross Country Wagon.

　　Source/New Energy Prospective Shooting

　　On January 28, 2023, the much-watched Tesla Cybercross-country wagon officially opened its domestic tour. The eight cities are Shanghai, Beijing, Hangzhou, Xi ‘an, Shenzhen, Chongqing, Chengdu and Nanjing.

　　Musk has previously said that the 4680 battery will be an important part of Tesla’s 2023 plan. All future electric vehicles of Tesla, including Model Y, Semi semi-trailer truck, Cyber electric truck and Roadster 2 electric sports car, will use 4680 large cylindrical batteries.

　　According to Musk’s vision, the large cylindrical battery can increase the cruising range of Tesla electric vehicles by 16% and reduce the production cost by 50%, which is even considered as “the light of lithium battery”.

　　But in fact, after Musk launched 4,680 large cylindrical batteries in 2020, it was not until mid-2023 that large cylindrical batteries began to be mass-produced on a small scale. According to public information, in June 2023, Tesla produced the 10 millionth battery cell, and by October 2023, the 20 millionth 4680 battery cell was born. This means that the annual output of large cylindrical battery cells is 30 million, which is equivalent to the battery consumption of 24,000 Cybertruck.

　　Obviously, such battery production is out of proportion to the order volume of Cybertruck with more than 2 million units.

　　On the other hand, Tesla previously claimed that the negative electrode of the 4680 battery would be made of silicon carbide to improve the energy density. However, after disassembling the battery, a technical organization found that its negative electrode did not contain silicon carbide, but graphite. Some media said that the energy density of 4680 large cylindrical battery is not as good as that of 2170 small cylindrical battery.

　　In this way, the large cylindrical battery is still far from the “light of lithium battery”.

　　01

　　What exactly is a large cylindrical battery?

　　At present, the power batteries of new energy vehicles can be divided into three types according to their shapes: square, soft bag and cylinder. Square is the mainstream form, accounting for about 60% of the market share.

　　Cylindrical batteries can be divided into two types: small cylindrical batteries and large cylindrical batteries. The former is a “2170 cylindrical battery” with a diameter of 21 mm and a height of 70 mm, which is a mature product. The large cylindrical battery is a battery with a diameter of 46 mm and a height of 80 mm, which is also often called “4680 cylindrical battery”.

　　In Tesla’s view, a cylindrical battery with a diameter of 46mm is the best size for battery life improvement and cost reduction. As the diameter becomes smaller, the number of battery sections required by the whole vehicle will increase, and the management of BMS (Battery Management System) will become more difficult. However, as the diameter increases, the number of battery sections decreases, but the heat dissipation of the battery core becomes a difficulty.

　　There is no “critical point” in height, so there are 4680, 4695 and even 46120 batteries.

　　In terms of endurance, the upper limit of energy density of large cylindrical battery is higher, and it has higher safety. Take Jianghuai Ruifeng RF8 as an example, its lithium iron phosphate battery has an energy density of 180Wh/kg, while the general Ferrous lithium phosphate density is 100-150Wh/kg. Under the premise of the same weight, the large cylindrical battery can provide a longer cruising range and higher performance for electric vehicles.

　　Source/Jianghuai Automobile Official Website New Energy Prospective Screenshot

　　An important reason for Musk to launch a large cylindrical battery is its low cost.

　　For Musk, carrying a larger 4680 battery can reduce the number of battery cells and welding accessories, thus simplifying the battery pack structure and reducing the use of materials. In addition, the cathode material of Tesla 4680 battery is made of Nickel Cobalt Aluminum (NCA), which is relatively cheap and can provide higher energy density.

　　”The rise of large cylindrical batteries is related to the market strategy of car companies to reduce costs and increase efficiency.” Some people in the industry have a forward-looking analysis of new energy sources. Because of the characteristics of reduced structure of the whole package, large cylindrical batteries have certain advantages in overall cost, as well as high energy density and good power performance.

　　02

　　Battery manufacturers compete for layout

　　Therefore, many battery manufacturers have chosen to follow the pace of Tesla.

　　In September 2020, Tesla CEO elon musk announced that Tesla would produce 4680 batteries. “For the 4680 battery, we still have a lot of work to do. Although it looks like a battery with a diameter of 46 mm and a height of 80 mm, it itself contains amazing new technologies. ” Musk said.

　　Subsequently, Panasonic, LG, Yiwei Lithium Energy, Yuanjing Power, Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited, BIC Battery and other enterprises successively announced that large cylindrical batteries would be included in the company’s technological development path.

　　In September 2023, Yiwei Lithium Energy said on the investor interaction platform that the company’s first large cylindrical production line was completed by the end of 2022. In the first half of 2023, the millionth battery was rolled off the assembly line.

　　Source/Yiwei Lithium Energy official website New energy forward-looking screenshot

　　In May 2023, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Yiwei Lithium Energy signed a land purchase agreement with a Hungarian land seller to purchase its land in the northwest industrial zone of Debrecen for the production of cylindrical power batteries; In June of the same year, the 46 series large cylindrical light battery pack was first released; Yiwei Lithium Energy even said that the 46 series power energy storage batteries have achieved the intentional demand of customers in the next five years, totaling about 392GWh; The production capacity of large cylindrical batteries has been planned to exceed 100GWh, and mass production is expected to be realized in 2023-2024.

　　Panasonic’s chief technology officer in charge of electric vehicle batteries recently said that Tesla may provide cheaper electric vehicles to the market in the near future because Panasonic will launch the improved new generation of 2170 batteries and 4680 batteries as early as 2024.

　　According to the incomplete statistics of new energy prospect, domestic enterprises, such as Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited, Yuanjing Power, Yiwei Lithium Energy, Bike Battery, Guoxuan Hi-Tech, Zhongchuang Singapore Airlines, Honeycomb Energy, Chuangming New Energy, Azure Lithium Battery, etc., all have layouts in the field of 4680 batteries or other 46 series cylindrical batteries.

　　Among them, Yiwei Lithium Energy, Vision Power and Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited are all suppliers of large cylindrical batteries for BMW cars. According to the planning of BMW Group, large cylindrical batteries with a standard diameter of 46mm will be used in the “new generation” models from 2025.

　　03

　　Mass production faces many challenges.

　　Undoubtedly, not only Tesla and Musk, but also the power battery industry is optimistic about the prospect of large cylindrical batteries.

　　Huatai Securities predicts that the global installed capacity of large cylindrical batteries will reach 429GWh in 2027, and the corresponding market size will be 214.48 billion yuan, with a compound annual growth rate of 110.7% from 2023 to 2027. Northeast Securities Research Report pointed out that in 2025, the installed capacity of 46 series large cylindrical batteries in the world is expected to reach 255GWh, and the global market penetration rate can be increased to 20%.

　　The world’s cutting-edge walking machine is difficult to process intramedullary nails with internal threads!It is strictly required by such a standard, Auto parts Only with today’s development scale, can we have the proud momentum to crush our competitors. https://www.chinatianlong.com/

　　I. Overview of Bone Nail

　　Bone nail, also known as fracture fixation screw, is often used as a fixed orthopedic implant in clinic. Bone nails are usually used to fix internal fractures or dislocations. By directly screwing in two different bone blocks or fixing bone plates and other internal implants, the fractures can be fixed, the bones can be positioned and their healing can be promoted. Bone nails are widely used, including shoulder, elbow, hip, knee, spine and other major areas. For example, pedicle screw system is used for spinal fusion, and compression bone screws are usually used for foot and ankle surgery or other fixation of fractures under pressure. Yao Ming, Duran and other famous stars have implanted bone nails.

　　Second, the main structure of bone nail

　　Similar to traditional mechanical screws, the main structure of bone nail also includes nail cap, nail body and nail tip.

　　Schematic diagram of main structure of bone nail

　　Three, according to the screw function classification

　　Bone screws can be divided into plate screws, tension screws, position screws, interlocking screws and reduction screws according to their different functions.

　　Table 1. Function Classification of Screws

　　Several common screws

　　Fourth, bone nail materials change with each passing day

　　Traditional bone nails are mainly made of two materials, stainless steel and titanium. With the advent of new biodegradable biomaterials, more and more materials are used to make bone nails.

　　(1) Bioabsorbable screws

　　At present, although Chinese enterprises still mainly promote basic products, new degradable bone nails are being actively developed and put into the market. In recent years, more bone nails made of absorbable materials have entered the market and achieved good clinical results.

　　Common absorbable screws (left: PLA absorbable screws; Right: magnesium bone nail)

　　(2) Coated screws

　　In addition to manufacturing materials as a whole, many companies have also begun to study the surface coating of screws, thus increasing the surface wear resistance and hardness of bone nails and reducing the effect of material rejection. For example, Nail PROtect, launched by DePuy Synthes, an orthopedic materials giant, claims to have the effect of preventing infection.

　　Nail PROtect

　　(3) Biological bone nail

　　At present, there is no manufacturer producing biological bone material in China, but the excellent biological performance and postoperative rehabilitation effect of biological bone material are better than any artificial implant. The good biocompatibility of biological bone nail does not need to worry about rejection and secondary surgery. Researchers at the University of Graz in Austria have developed an allogenic orthopedic screw and named it shark screw, which has been clinically applied in 14 hospitals in Austria. Although the problem of bone donation needs to be solved in addition to processing technology, with the enhancement of Chinese people’s awareness of donation and the current situation of China’s population base, it is believed that biological bone materials also have huge market potential.

　　Shark screw

　　It is expected that the relevant enterprises in China’s bone nail industry will start from the details, concentrate on research and development, pay attention to innovation, and take advantage of the policy dividend, and small screws can also raise hundreds of millions of markets ~

　　According to the latest data of China Automotive Power Battery Industry Innovation Alliance, from January to December, 2023, a total of 52 power battery enterprises in China’s new energy vehicle market achieved vehicle loading facilities, 5 fewer than the same period of last year, and the elimination rate was close to 10%.in fact cr2032 coin cell cases:20 It is more and more welcomed by our customers, and its market performance is gradually improving. https://www.canrud.com/products/detail/81f89a31076f4fd18e883ee190d194cd

　　On the other hand, the top ten power battery enterprises have loaded 375.3GWh, accounting for 96.8% of the total vehicle. Compared with 95% in 2022, 93.5% in 2021 and 91.8% in 2020, power battery companies have staged the drama that the stronger the stronger.

　　Power battery companies ranked lower are struggling.

　　Gateway Power, a lithium battery factory owned by Galaxy, is obviously one of them. From January to October, 2023, the loading capacity of Gateway Power was only 0.88GWh, ranking 13th. Now, the company has stopped production for two months.

　　Source/Weibo New Energy Prospective Screenshot

　　Jiewei Power was established in 2009 with a registered capital of 1.218 billion yuan. It is a 15-year veteran lithium battery enterprise. Once, it was full of lofty sentiments. It became the top 3 in the power battery industry in five years, ranked among the top 3 in the world in 10 years, applied for IPO of A shares in 2022, and strived for listing in 2023. After all, it was “but before he could conquer, he was dead”.

　　Obviously, in the power battery industry, there are still many battery manufacturers that are not as good as Jiewei Power. They are also facing many problems, even life and death tests. How do you spend this winter?

　　01

　　Small battery factories are getting worse every year.

　　The person in charge of the lithium battery manufacturer who suffered in 2023 will definitely miss 2022, especially the “small factory” of lithium batteries.

　　Wu Sujun, a grassroots employee who has worked in Jiewei Power for more than ten years, once told the media that the company still has some orders in 2022, but the quantity is not large. Mainly small modules, not finished products. In 2023, there was no order, and the factory could only do some battery repair work, and about 200 sets were repaired every month.

　　Compared with more than 2,400 employees in the glorious period, gateway power had only about 400 employees left in its headquarters before the production stopped, and 200 people left after the production stopped. The 2022 annual report shows that in 2022, the number of social security participants of Jiewei Power was 882, which dropped by more than 70% in less than one year.

　　The closed production lines record the cruelty of the lithium battery industry. According to the Shenzhen Communique of the 10th G20！-Lithium Battery Summit, since 2023, the average capacity utilization rate of domestic power batteries is less than 60%, and that of energy storage batteries is less than 55%.

　　Figure/Jiewei Power Electric Center Workshop

　　Source/Gateway Power Official Website New Energy Prospective Screenshot

　　In fact, in addition to the power battery companies such as Jiewei Power, there are also four major materials (cathode materials, anode materials, separators and electrolytes) for lithium batteries.

　　In terms of capacity utilization rate, many companies disclosed that the overall capacity utilization rate of the anode industry decreased significantly in 2023. Even the leading enterprise Shangtai Technology announced the suspension of production in the first quarter of 2023.

　　On the evening of March 27, 2023, Shangtai Technology announced that Licheng Road Base had stopped production. It is reported that Licheng Road Base started construction in 2008. It is the earliest production base of Shangtai Technology, and also the starting place and birthplace of the company’s entrepreneurship, with an annual production capacity of over 10,000 tons.

　　”The supply and demand of the entire anode material industry has reversed, facing a situation of overcapacity.” Shangtai Technology clearly stated in the announcement.

　　The performance of Ferrous lithium phosphate cathode manufacturers in operating rate is also relatively sluggish. According to market data, in November 2023, the average operating rate of manufacturers was less than 50%, and it has accelerated to about 20% since December. The output of cathode materials in Ferrous lithium phosphate has reached a new low since June 2023.

　　02

　　Solve overcapacity

　　”Surplus” became the label of lithium battery industry in 2023.

　　Mr. Gang ‘an, the technology developer of Jiewei Power, said that the company kept investing in building factories, which eventually led to overcapacity.

　　How many lithium batteries did Gateway Power produce? According to the information of official website, Jiewei Power has two production bases, Yancheng and Changxing, with an effective production capacity of 10GWh. Jiewei Power CEO Lu Chenli announced in 2022 that the company plans to reach the power battery production capacity of 100GWh in 2025.

　　Source/Gateway Power Official Website New Energy Prospective Screenshot

　　Zhu Huarong, Chairman of Changan Automobile, once predicted that by 2025, the demand for power batteries in China will be 1000GWh, while the production capacity of the industry has reached 4800GWh, and the degree of excess can be imagined.

　　The four major materials of lithium battery also have different degrees of surplus. Some organizations predict that the global electrolyte capacity planning will exceed the demand by 3.4 million tons in 2025.

　　It is also a means of self-help for the lithium battery factory and the four major material enterprises behind it to delay the production capacity and adopt the low inventory procurement policy.

　　The semi-annual report of Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited in 2023 shows that its inventory is only 48.91 billion yuan, which is 27.76 billion yuan less than that at the end of 2022. Zhongchuang Singapore Airlines, the third in the industry, cleared its inventory slightly, and its inventory decreased from 11.82 billion yuan at the end of 2022 to 10 billion yuan, a decrease of 18.2%.

　　Enterprises in the upper and middle reaches of lithium batteries have been kidnapped by the “game theory” of production capacity, forcing low inventory.

　　Jin Yiteng, an open source securities company, said that as the pace of production scheduling in downstream battery factories declined and the price of lithium battery materials in the middle reaches continued to fall due to overcapacity, battery factories also adopted a lower raw material inventory procurement strategy, forcing middle-stream lithium battery materials enterprises to reduce their start-up, maintain low inventory, and delay the launch of new capacity.

　　Low inventory is obtained on the premise of price reduction. According to the data of Xinyi Lithium Battery, an industry research institution, on January 24th, 2024, the average price of square Ferrous lithium phosphate power battery and energy storage battery was 0.38 yuan /Wh and 0.43 yuan /Wh, respectively, which was more than 50% lower than the price of 0.9 yuan /Wh in early 2023, and the price has reached the lowest point in history.

　　The seriousness of the price reduction can be seen. According to the statistics of Hi-Tech Lithium Battery, compared with 2022, the gross profit margin of diaphragm listed companies in the third quarter of 2023 decreased by about 40%, the electrolyte field decreased by about 25%, the cathode field decreased by about 20%, the ternary cathode decreased by about 9%, and the iron-lithium cathode decreased by about 5%.

　　03

　　Power Battery 2024: More Fierce Fight

　　”After experiencing rapid growth in demand and production capacity, the lithium battery field is currently facing the challenge of overcapacity. It is expected that supply and demand will further deteriorate in 2024 and it is expected to ease in 2025. ” Huatai Securities pointed out.

　　The expansion screw is composed of a screw and an expansion pipe, the tail of the screw is conical, and the inner diameter of the cone is larger than that of the expansion pipe. When the nut is tightened, the screw moves outward, and the conical part moves through the axial movement of the thread, so that a great positive pressure is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the expansion pipe, and the angle of the cone is very small, so that friction self-locking is formed among the wall, the expansion pipe and the cone, and the fixing effect is achieved.On the other hand, Galvanized bolt It also brings tangible benefits to everyone and feels useful. It is a model of the industry. https://www.chinatianlong.com/

　　The spring washer on the expansion screw is a standard part. Because its openings are staggered and elastic, it is called a spring washer. The function of the spring washer is to use the sharp corner of the staggered mouth to pierce the nut and the flat washer to prevent the nut from loosening.

　　The flat pad is also a standard part, and its function is to evenly distribute the pressure of the nut on the connected parts.

　　Expansion screw specifications:

　　The grades of expansion bolts are: 45, 50, 60, 70, 80,

　　The materials of expansion screws are mainly divided into austenite A1, A2 and A4.

　　Martensite and ferrite C1, C2, C4,

　　Its representation method is, for example, A2-70,

　　”-“indicates bolt material and strength grade before and after, and the following is a complete specification table of expansion bolts.

　　For 45 # steel, alloy steels with high mechanical properties, such as 15Cr, 20Cr, 40Cr, 15MnVB and 30CrMrSi, can be selected for important or special-purpose threaded joints.

　　Choose different expansion screws according to the actual situation of the wall. Generally, there are the following 6〜60, 6〜80, 6〜120 and 6〜150.

　　6〜60: the total length is 60 mm, the sleeve is 45 mm long, the diameter is 8 mm, the wall thickness is 0.7 mm, and the surface is coated with colored zinc; The screw is 60 mm long, 6 mm in diameter, 35 mm in threaded part and 8mm in bottom hammer, and the surface is coated with colored zinc; The nut is octagonal with an outer diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of 5 mm, and the surface is plated with white zinc; The outer diameter of the gasket is 13 mm, the thickness is 1mm, the inner diameter is 6 mm, and the surface is plated with white zinc; The elastic sheet is a ring with an out diameter of 9 mm, an inner diameter of 6 mm and a thickness of 1.6 mm.

　　6〜80: the total length is 80 mm, the sleeve is 65 mm long, the diameter is 8mm, the wall thickness is 0.7 mm, and the surface is coated with colored zinc; Screw length, nut, gasket and elastic sheet are the same as above.

　　6〜120: the total length is 120mm, the sleeve is 105mm long, the diameter is 8mm, the wall thickness is 0.7 mm, and the surface is coated with colored zinc; Screw length, nut, gasket and elastic sheet are the same as above.

　　6〜150: the total length is 150mm, the sleeve is 135mm long, the diameter is 8mm, the wall thickness is 0.7 mm, and the surface is coated with colored zinc; Screw length, nut, gasket and elastic sheet are the same as above.

　　With the announcement of the 2023 performance forecast by Yiwei Lithium, a domestic battery company, yesterday, the differentiation has become obvious among the domestic second-tier battery companies that have released the performance forecast last year.with 极片 For example, if it continues to develop, it will definitely become the benchmark of the industry and play an important role in leading the market. https://www.canrud.com/products?keyword=electrode+sheet

　　On the evening of February 5th, Yiwei Lithium Energy announced that in 2023, it is expected to realize a net profit of about 4.035 billion-4.211 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 15%-20%, and a non-net profit of 2.56 billion-2.83 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of-5%-5%.

　　Earlier, on the evening of January 29th, Guoxuan Hi-Tech released a performance forecast, and it is estimated that the net profit attributable to the whole year of 2023 will be about 800-1.1 billion yuan, up by 157%-253% year-on-year.

　　On January 30th, Funeng Technology released its performance forecast for 2023. It is estimated that the loss in 2023 will be about 1.724 billion-2.107 billion yuan, and the loss will increase by 127%-86% year-on-year. It is estimated that the loss after deducting non-recurring gains and losses will be 1.615 billion-1.998 billion yuan in 2023, with the loss increasing by 99.43%-61.18% year-on-year.

　　According to the data of battery loading, among domestic battery enterprises, except for Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited and BYD, which together account for more than half of the market, Zhongchuang Singapore Airlines (the performance forecast has not been announced), Yiwei Lithium Energy and Guoxuan Hi-Tech belong to the second-line forces, while Funeng Technology belongs to the “quasi-second-line”.

　　According to SNE research’s global battery loading statistics, from January to November 2023, the loading capacity of Guoxuan Hi-Tech was 14.9GWh, up 18.5% year-on-year, ranking eighth. Yiwei Lithium Energy’s global battery loading capacity reached 13.4 GWh, up 131.9% year-on-year, and its market share reached 2.1%, ranking ninth. Funeng Technology’s battery loading capacity reached 8.9GWh, up 41.7% year-on-year, ranking tenth.

　　Domestically, according to the data of China Power Battery Industry Innovation Alliance, Yiwei Lithium Energy ranked fourth in power battery loading in 2023, with a loading capacity of 17.26 GWh, accounting for 4.45% of the market. Guoxuan Hi-Tech’s battery loading capacity was 15.91 GWh, accounting for 4.1% of the market, ranking fifth after Yiwei Lithium Energy, and Funeng Technology’s battery loading capacity was 5.94 GWh, accounting for 1.53% of the market.

　　Yiwei lithium energy: the production capacity of large cylindrical lithium batteries has been built, and the business has blossomed in an all-round way.

　　Last year, although the industry was generally tired of the slowdown in the growth rate of power battery loading, Yiwei Lithium Energy’s battery loading on a global scale showed a three-digit growth.

　　According to the report of Minsheng Securities on February 6th, the effective capacity of Yiwei Lithium Energy in 2023 is about 80GWh, and it is expected to achieve 70% capacity utilization rate in 2024, and the effective capacity can reach 100GWh.

　　In last year’s battery production capacity, it is worth mentioning that the large cylindrical battery that Yiwei Lithium was able to concentrate on for a long time last year finally achieved mass production. The company’s large cylindrical battery factory (the 14th factory) with an annual production capacity of 20GWh has been built in Jingmen base. The first phase was put into production in February last year, and the first batch of equipment in the second phase entered the market in November last year.

　　Large cylindrical lithium ion battery

　　On the evening of February 1st, Yiwei Lithium Energy announced that JAC Ruifeng RF8 equipped with the company’s large cylindrical battery was officially launched on January 31st.

　　By the beginning of November, 2023, the customer’s intentional demand for Yiwei Lithium Energy large cylindrical lithium iron phosphate battery in the next five years totaled about 88GWh, and the customer’s intentional demand for ternary large cylindrical battery in the next five years totaled about 486GWh.

　　In terms of business expansion, in addition to new energy vehicle power batteries, Yiwei Lithium Energy’s energy storage battery business also increased significantly last year. According to the data of Infolink, a global consultancy, on February 6th, 2023, the top five enterprises in the global energy storage battery shipment scale were Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited, BYD, Yiwei Lithium Energy, Ruipu Lanjun and Xiamen Haichen, and the shipment scale of Yiwei Lithium Energy reached more than 25GWh.

　　Not only that, Yiwei Lithium Energy has also made gains in the electric ship business, a new field of lithium battery application in the future. In November, 2023, the company announced that two electric ships equipped with Yiwei lithium battery had set sail recently. “Yuetong Zhujiang 001” and “Huahang Xinneng 1” both use batteries integrated with lithium iron phosphate battery products LF280K.

　　By October, 2023, the cumulative shipment of Yiwei lithium energy reached 447 ships, and more than 50% of the electric ships in China were equipped with Yiwei battery solution, with the cumulative shipment scale exceeding 200MWh.

　　Hello, everyone. Today, I will explain a basic course of chess and cards-the detailed explanation of the basic card type of chess and cards.For the immediate pressure, BL777 Casino With its own coping style, it can break the predicament and usher in a new life through the quality of the product itself. https://www.bl77777.com/

　　First of all, why explain this course?

　　First, 80% of chess and cards are composed of the following 10 basic types of cards. If you master these basic types of cards, you will have mastered its basic laws.

　　Second, many players only know about dragons, heavenly roads and one-on-one fights. But I don’t know what double jump, pat company, one room, two halls, one hall and two rooms are, not to mention sticking to these roads every time, every time, every time!

　　Third, I have heard at least thousands of players who have lost and still don’t know what a basic card road is, such as one room, two halls, one hall and two rooms.

　　Therefore, I will popularize the basic knowledge of chess and cards for you today.

　　As shown in the figure, the results of each game of chess and cards are usually displayed in the following five ways, namely, Zhupan Road, Dalu Road, Dayan Road, Xiaoyan Road and Xiaoqiang Road, among which Xiaoqiang Road is called Luozha Road in Guangdong. Each boot card consists of 8 decks of playing cards. Generally speaking, according to the thickness of cutting cards, the normal chess AG is about 70 games, while the Myanmar chess AG is about 40 games. Next: Let me explain the first card type: Changzhuang. That is what we often call Zhuanglong. As shown by the red circle on the main road, when there are four or more villages in a row on the main road, it becomes a long village.

　　Changzhuang

　　The second card type: Long Idle, which is indicated by a blue circle in the road, is called Long Idle or Idle Dragon when there are four or more idles in succession.

　　Changxian

　　The third card type: pat the stork. This word is pronounced like a stork, but we are used to calling it row by row. The definition of row-by-row connection is: when there are two or more rows of villages adjacent to the road, this combination appears twice or more, which is called patting and sticking. figure 1

　　Pat snipe

　　Figure 2

　　Pat snipe

　　The fourth card type: single jump on the road. What I want to point out here is that not every time a village appears, it can be simply called a single jump on the road. What is jumping? For example, it is 6 o’clock in this office and 6 o’clock or more in the next office. Its amplitude exceeds one cycle, and it must appear four times or more in one office before it can be called a single jump. Everyone must remember this! As shown in Zhupan Road, Idle 6 goes to Zhuang 9, and then Idle 9 Zhuang 8. During this period, their amplitudes all exceed one period, which is obviously a single jump on the road!

　　As a master of board games, you need to have a deep understanding of the rules of the game first. Understand the special rules of each game, such as card type, card combination, scoring method, etc. These rules may seem simple, but they are the key to winning the game. In every game, you need to be familiar with these rules by observing and trying, so that you can make the right decision at the critical moment.Before that, Jilibet The market has also soared for a time, which has attracted the attention of a wide range of investors. https://www.bl77777.com/

　　Mentality adjustment

　　A good attitude is an important factor in becoming a master. You need to learn how to control your emotions and avoid losing your mind because of a temporary failure. In the face of failure, you should learn from it and adjust your strategy instead of falling into self-blame and depression. Keeping a calm and rational attitude is the key to your success in the chess game.

　　Observation and judgment

　　Observation and judgment are very important in board games. You need to judge the opponent’s intention and possible card type by observing the way, expression and action of the opponent. At the same time, you also need to make correct decisions at critical moments, such as when to play the big card and when to remain silent. All these need to be accumulated through a lot of practice and experience.

　　Strategy application

　　Different board games have different strategies. For example, in the game of fighting landlords, you need to learn how to use bomb cards to suppress opponents; In gobang game, you need to learn how to use the advantages of lianzhu to beat your opponent. You need to make appropriate strategies according to different games and opponents, so as to gain an advantage in the game.

　　Continuous learning and practice

　　Becoming a master of chess and cards is not achieved overnight. You need to keep learning, practicing and accumulating experience. You can improve your skills by watching high-level players’ game videos, reading professional books and participating in online or offline training. At the same time, you need to accumulate experience through a lot of practice, so that you can deal with all kinds of situations in the competition.

　　teamwork

　　In some board games, teamwork is very important. For example, in bridge, you need to communicate with your teammates and work out strategies together. If you want to be a master, you need to learn to cooperate with others, understand and respect their views, so as to play a greater role in the team.

　　Using data analysis

　　The development of modern science and technology has brought new possibilities for board games. You can use data analysis tools to analyze your game performance, find out your weaknesses and improve them. These tools can help you understand your playing habits, your opponent’s weaknesses, etc., so as to help you formulate better strategies.

　　Maintain patience and perseverance.

　　It takes time and effort to become a chess player. You need patience to learn new skills and strategies, and perseverance to overcome difficulties and challenges. Don’t give up because of a temporary failure, keep a positive attitude, believe in your own ability, and you will certainly become a master of chess and cards.

　　Playing cards is a common recreational activity, and there are many different kinds of card games. Here are some basic methods and rules for playing cards:The data shows that, B1777 link Its development potential should not be underestimated, and it is also the inevitability of its existence. https://www.bl77777.com/

　　1. Poker: Poker is a very popular card game all over the world. A deck of playing cards has 52 cards, which are divided into four suits: hearts, spades, clubs and diamonds. Each suit has 13 cards, from big to small: A (big or small), K, Q, J, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, and 7. According to the rules of the game, players compete by playing cards, comparing sizes and combining cards.

　　2. Mahjong tiles: Mahjong tiles are mainly popular in China and East Asia. There are 144 tiles in a deck, which are divided into three colors: ten thousand, stripe and barrel. There are 9 tiles in each color, and each tile has 4 tiles. Mahjong cards are played in a variety of ways, including four-player mahjong and three-player mahjong, etc. Players need to combine into specific cards by touching cards, playing cards, eating cards, touching cards, leverage cards, etc., for the purpose of Hu cards.

　　3. Landlord fight: Landlord fight is a popular three-player poker game in China, which uses a deck of 54 cards, including two trump cards. The game is divided into two camps, the landlord and the farmer. The landlord fights against two farmers. The goal of the game is to win by playing cards, and the party who finishes playing cards first will win.

　　4. Tractor: Tractor is a popular poker game in Shuang Sheng, which uses two decks of 108 playing cards. The game is divided into two teams, each with two people. The dealer and the series are determined by bidding, and then the cards are played in a certain order. The team is the unit, and the party who finishes the cards in hand first wins.

　　Expand knowledge:

　　In the process of playing cards, in addition to mastering the basic rules of playing cards, we also need to learn to observe the opponent’s playing habits and strategies, so as to better cope with various situations in the game. Besides, the rules and ways of playing cards are different in different regions. It is suggested that after understanding the basic rules, we should exchange and learn more with local friends to improve our playing skills.

　　Bridge is a poker game in which four players are divided into two pairs. The following is the basic knowledge of bridge play:At the same time, B1777 link It is no longer a relatively unfamiliar industry, and it enters the public’s sight more and more frequently, gaining more attention and recognition. https://www.bl77777.com/

　　1. Distribution of cards: A deck of 52 standard playing cards, with 13 cards for each player. The licensing order is clockwise, starting from Nanjia.

　　2. Card size: In bridge, the order of card size is A (maximum), K, Q, J, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2.

　　Basic knowledge of bridge play

　　3. Card colors: The colors in bridge are divided into spades, hearts, diamonds and clubs, and there is no difference in size.

　　4. Bidding stage: The purpose of bidding is to let your partner know your card strength and jointly determine a contract (that is, the number of winning cards promised by both parties). Bidding starts from the player on the dealer’s left and proceeds clockwise. Bidding includes suit and rank. Suits are divided into spades, hearts, diamonds, clubs and No Trump, with ranks ranging from 1 to 7. In the bidding process, the suit and level cannot be repeated, but you can call (call a higher level on the same suit) or jump (skip some levels and call a higher level directly).

　　5. Contract: After three rounds of bidding, if no player calls for a higher level, the last player who calls out the suit and level will get the contract. If the bid reaches level 7, the contract will be obtained directly.

　　Basic knowledge of bridge play

　　6. Holding cards: The player who wins the contract becomes the banker, and his partner is called the master. The dealer can choose to show the cards of the Ming hand for all players to see.

　　7. Playing cards stage: the dealer’s next family begins to play cards, and then plays cards in clockwise order. Every round of playing cards, players must play cards of the same suit. If they don’t have this suit, they can play cards of other suits. In each round of playing cards, the card with the largest face wins the round, and the player who wins the round plays cards first in the next round.

　　8. Scoring: Calculate the score according to the contract and the number of cards actually won. If the dealer completes the contract, the score will be calculated according to the level and whether it is doubled or redoubled. If the contract is not completed, the other party scores.

　　Basic knowledge of bridge play

　　9. Double and double again: In the bidding stage, any player can double or double the dealer’s contract, which will increase the score of the game.

　　Expand knowledge:

　　The scoring rules of bridge are complicated, including partial score, red heart score and black heart score. In addition, there are various bidding systems in bridge competitions, such as natural bidding method and accurate bidding method, which have different bidding rules and conventions. Bridge players need to master basic card skills and strategies, such as counting card points, card type distribution, defense skills and so on. With the improvement of the level, players can also learn more advanced bridge skills, such as squeezing cards and flying cards.

　　The so-called chess game is the floorboard of chess game and card game. Chess and card games have flourished since the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Mainly includes poker, landlords, China chess, military chess, gobang, mahjong and so on.After screening and investigation Jilibet download It is likely to become a new force driving economic development. https://www.bl77777.com/

　　Chess and card games can be divided into poker, landlord fighting, mahjong, China chess, Go and military chess. It can be said that the richness of chess and card games is completely beyond your imagination.

　　In China, Landlord Fighting, Mahjong and China Chess can be said to be the most well-known players. After all, China Chess can be said to be the quintessence of China, and Landlord Fighting Mahjong has become omniscient among the people. People over three years old basically know these chess games, so today we will talk about the unknown contents of these chess games.

　　Dou dizhu, a popular Chinese poker; fighting the landlord

　　Nowadays, most of the landlord fighting industries rely on online. Since the first full game of JJ Landlord Fighting was held online, the offline card game has not been adopted, and now online landlords are in full bloom. Online landlords have occupied half of the landlord fighting world, while offline landlords have struggled to survive in the residual wind of online landlords. With the outbreak of the epidemic in the past 20 years, online landlords have developed to a kind of existence beyond the peak.

　　Nowadays, online landlord fighting, JJ landlord fighting and happy landlord fighting still occupy more than 80% of the market, while other games such as Zen Tour Landlord Fighting and National Landlord Fighting occupy 20% of the market. Although these games occupy 20% of the market, their market share is getting less and less under the oppression of JJ landlord fighting and happy landlord fighting. At this time, a new landlord fighting game is needed to enter the market, just like the catfish effect, to activate the vitality of landlord fighting.

　　mahjong

　　In today’s mahjong industry, online and offline still coexist, and there is no bias to which side. In this case, Tencent Happy Mahjong used to rank first in the market. However, Fingertip Sichuan Mahjong has sprung up this year, and its promotion under various platforms is in full swing, and various benefits have been promoted one after another. In terms of promotion, it has seized the pain points and ideas of users on various platforms and further deepened the influence of Fingertip Sichuan Mahjong.

　　Compared with Tencent Happy Mahjong and Fingertip Sichuan Mahjong, they have gradually formed a balanced state. At this time, a game is needed to break their balance and push the mahjong game to another peak.

　　Xiangqi

　　Perhaps many people haven’t played China Chess online, and they are basically entertaining offline, but now online chess is developing more and more rapidly. With the development of software such as China Chess, Chess, Boya China Chess, and chess masters, and the promotion of last year’s epidemic, online chess is also like a light wheel of time, struggling forward.

　　Chess offline is far more exciting and interesting than online games, but times are changing and chess will gradually change.