Amino acid chain is the main and core component in protein, but it is not necessarily the only component. Some protein may include some atoms or small molecules, whose function may be to perform protein function and/or increase its stability. Chemically, these cofactor are diverse, which may be organic molecules or metal elements. Some of them are briefly combined with protein chain, while others are closely combined with protein chain (sometimes even by covalent bonds) and become an integral part of the whole protein. The former is called coenzyme coenzyme, while the latter is called prosthetic group. Most coenzymes are small organic molecules from vitamins. For example, the common coenzymes NADH and FADH2. These two molecules from vitamin B complex, the former from nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) and the latter from riboflavin (vitamin B2), play the role of high-energy electron acceptor/donor in redox reaction.beyond doubt Antibody Discovery It will definitely lead the development direction of the whole industry and let its light bloom in this field. https://www.alphalifetech.com/

　　Some enzymes use several different cofactors, such as Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), which is a key enzyme in the catabolism of sugar. The catabolism of sugar begins with glycolysis, which is a biochemical reaction pathway with 10 steps, transforming one glucose molecule into two pyruvate molecules, and then carrying out the citric acid cycle of tricarboxylic acid, which further decomposes pyruvate and oxidizes it into CO2. Pyruvate dehydrogenase PDH works at the intermediate junction of the above two reaction pathways (namely glycolysis and triacid cycle), and is responsible for activating pyruvate and enabling it to enter the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Specifically, PDH catalyzes the oxidative dearboxylation of pyruvate and forms acetyl coenzyme A (ACoA), which is the activated form of pyruvate. PDH is not a single enzyme but a complex composed of three components, each of which participates in a different step of pyruvate activation and uses different coenzymes. The first component uses thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), which is a derivative of thiamine (vitamin B1). TPP allows the first component of PDH to be oxidized and decarboxylated at the same time, thus transforming pyruvate into acetyl, and the remaining carbon is discharged as CO2. The importance of TPP will be reflected in its absence. In fact, if people can’t get enough thiamine from food, they will get beriberi, which will damage several major systems of the human body.

　　The second component in PDH uses lipoic acid. It is an auxiliary group covalently bound to PDH. The active part of lipoic acid is a cyclic structure, which contains two covalently bonded sulfur atoms (that is, S-S bonds) (Figure 2.2c). This active part catalyzes the transfer of acetyl to coenzyme coenzyme A(CoA), the third cofactor of PDH. CoA is pantothenic acid, also known as the derivative of calcium pantothenate. The combination of acetyl and pantothenic acid involves the reduction of S-S bond, and its cyclic structure will open and form two sulfhydryl groups (one SH), one of which will bind acetyl. Sulfhydryl group is easy to react chemically, which can be reflected in the fact that sulfhydryl group is easily influenced by arsenic, a toxic derivative of arsenic. To sum up, the formation of acetyl coenzyme A involves the reduction of S-S bond of pantothenic acid cyclic structure. In order to keep PDH active, these two sulfur groups must be re-oxidized to restore the S-S bond.

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　　1. Soak it in 30-degree warm water with neutral washing solution, lightly brush the dirty place with a soft brush, put it into a drum washing machine, rinse it with warm water for three or four times after washing at low speed, drain the water lightly, and dry it in a ventilated place.

　　2. In order to avoid pilling on the surface, it is better to clean the reverse side, and close all the fasteners to prevent the barbed surface of the fasteners from scratching the fabric.

　　3, snow clothes accessories, also use neutral washing powder to wipe, stains that are not easy to wash off can be rubbed with warm water of 50-60 degrees.

　　4. Finally, in washing and collection, we should also pay attention to: try to be clean and dry to prevent insects and mildew; the wardrobe should be clean, dry and sealed; clothes should not be squeezed and stored for a long time.

　　Security door is an important part of family security, which can effectively prevent external invasion. Many security doors are equipped with knob locking device, which can make the door safer. However, can the knob lock really stop thieves?So we can draw a preliminary conclusion, Azilian lifemotion It is helpful to the needs of the industry market and social development. https://www.azilian.co

　　First of all, we need to understand the working principle of knob lock. The knob lock of the security door is to retract the lock tongue into the door through the mechanical structure, thus locking the door. This process requires some strength and skill. For ordinary people, it is not an easy task to open this kind of security door. Even a thief needs to spend some time and energy to open the knob and lock the security door.

　　However, in some cases, it is still possible for a thief to open the knob and lock the security door. For example, if thieves have mastered the relevant technical knowledge, they can open the door lock by destroying the structure of the security door or using some special tools. In addition, if thieves have enough power and tools, they may break into houses by force.

　　Therefore, in addition to the knob locking device, we need to take other measures to improve family safety. First of all, security nets and monitoring equipment can be installed to detect and stop intruders in time. Secondly, it is necessary to regularly check whether the doors and windows are intact and repair any potential safety hazards in time. In addition, family members and visitors should be educated about the common sense of family safety, reminding them not to trust strangers easily and avoid giving criminals an opportunity.

　　In addition to the above measures, we can also take some technical measures to enhance family safety. For example, using devices such as smart locks and smart doorbells, these devices can monitor the state of door locks in real time through networking and send out alarm signals. In addition, some smart home systems can also cooperate with other security service providers to provide more comprehensive and personalized security.

　　In a word, the anti-theft door with knob can increase family safety to a certain extent, but it is still possible for thieves to open it. Therefore, in addition to the knob locking device, we need to take other measures to improve family safety. Through reasonable prevention and timely response, we can jointly create a safe and harmonious living environment.

　　Finally, it needs to be emphasized that improving family safety requires the joint efforts of the whole society. Governments, enterprises, social organizations and individuals should pay attention to family safety, strengthen publicity and education, and raise public awareness of safety. Only when everyone works together in Qi Xin can we build a safe and beautiful home together.

　　The supercoiled structure formed by the further spiral of DNA molecules is called the tertiary structure of DNA.However, with the development of the industry, small molecules It will also bring us more and more consumer experiences, so that users can really feel the upgrade and change. https://www.all-chemistry.com/

　　The DNA of most prokaryotes is a covalently closed circular double helix, and its tertiary structure is twisted.

　　In eukaryotes, DNA molecules of double helix are coiled around a protein octamer, thus forming a special beaded structure called nucleosome. Nucleosome structure belongs to the tertiary structure of DNA.

　　Protein is composed of C (carbon), H (hydrogen), O (oxygen) and N (nitrogen). Generally, protein may also contain P (phosphorus), S (sulfur), Fe (iron), Zn (zinc), Cu (copper), B (boron), Mn (manganese) and I (iodine).It is reported that, Antibody Phage Display Service The data performance is getting better and better, which is of great reference value and is likely to become the vane of the industry. https://www.alphalifetech.com/

　　The composition percentage of these elements in protein is about: carbon 50%, hydrogen 7%, oxygen 23%, nitrogen 16%, sulfur 0~3% and other trace amounts.

　　(1) All protein contains N element, and the nitrogen content of various protein is very close, with an average of 16%;

　　(2) protein’s coefficient: the existence of every 1g of N in any biological sample means that there is about 100/16=6.25g of protein, and 6.25 is often called protein’s constant.

　　(3) protein is a biopolymer based on amino acids. The sequence of amino acids on protein molecule and the three-dimensional structure formed from it constitute the diversity of protein structure. Protein has primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures, and the structure of protein molecule determines its function.

　　The importance of snow trousers is often overlooked. In fact, snow trousers are more important than snow clothes. Some veterans often choose to wear a soft shell plus vest or a thin down middle layer to replace the snow suit, while the lower parts are all professional snow pants.With the upsurge of industry development, cargo snow pants The expressive force in the market has also been very good, bringing many brand-new high-quality experiences to users. https://ninetyroll.co/

　　Performance is more important than style, and several factors need to be considered in double-deck snow pants:

　　1. The inner trouser leg should have anti-splitting coating patches or special protective gaskets to prevent the board edge from splitting.

　　2. The lining is elastic, antibacterial and deodorizing.

　　3. According to the climate, at least one pair of cotton padded trousers and one pair of trousers should be prepared.

　　4. Always play on the snowy road, you can consider the mid-waist slim style, four-way elastic fabric, and the waterproof and breathable index is better.

　　5. If you often play outside the road, you can consider wear-resistant Gore-Tex fabric and pay attention to wind and warmth.

　　6. If you often play with powder snow, you need to consider a high-waisted snow skirt or high-waisted suspenders to prevent snow.

　　Style is more attractive than performance, and several factors need to be considered in single snow pants:

　　1. Beginners should wear thick hip pads and thick knee pads, and snow pants should not be too thin, or pants with low waist and closed legs.

　　2. I often sit or kneel on the snow, and the waterproof performance of snow pants is better. Consider fabrics that will not produce water stains.

　　3. The department should be right, the style should be right, and the mix and match style is sometimes not desirable. Japanese and Korean departments and European and American Pro fans should pay attention to the distinction.

　　4. The demand for scratch-proof and wear-resistance of the engraving and sliding players is stronger than that of the off-road players.

　　5. Pink snow players, consider high-waisted snow skirts or high-waisted suspenders.

　　In the busy life, every detail is related to our health and comfort. When the traditional mouse can’t meet the hand fatigue caused by long-term computer use, a mouse that really understands your needs is particularly important. Monster, a famous brand in the audio field, now redefines the standard of office mouse with its innovative work-M2 Pro wireless mouse, with ergonomic vertical design, making the balance between work and life more harmonious.Today, people are interested in Azilian knob There are also many dependencies, and the expectations for products are getting higher and higher. https://www.azilian.co

　　Imagine that facing the computer for several hours every day, your fingers keep sliding on the mouse and your wrists keep the same posture for a long time. Over time, it will not only affect work efficiency, but also cause occupational diseases such as wrist pain and finger stiffness. Magic sound M2 Pro wireless mouse is born to solve this pain point. It adopts a unique vertical design, naturally fits the curvature of the palm, effectively disperses the pressure on the wrist and fingers, and can keep the hands comfortable and reduce fatigue even after long-term use. This is not only a change in office style, but also an insistence on a healthy life attitude.

　　In today’s pursuit of efficiency and convenience, this mouse provides 2.4G wireless connection and Bluetooth dual-mode design, which can be easily paired with notebooks, desktops, tablets and mobile phones for seamless switching. You don’t need complicated cables to make your office space more tidy and orderly, and it also brings you unprecedented freedom and flexibility. Whether on the comfortable sofa at home or in the corner of a cafe, you can turn on your efficient work mode anytime and anywhere.

　　For users who often need to go out to work or travel, the endurance of the mouse is particularly important. Magic Sound M2 Pro wireless mouse has a built-in large-capacity rechargeable battery, which can be used for a long time without frequent battery replacement. Even if it is a high-intensity working day, it can be easily handled, so that you can completely bid farewell to power anxiety and concentrate on the work at hand. Moreover, it is also equipped with a convenient charging interface, which can quickly return blood with a simple connection and escort your office life.

　　What’s even more surprising is that this mouse has innovatively added the knob function. This seemingly simple design actually contains infinite possibilities. Whether it’s adjusting the volume, scrolling the page, or switching applications quickly, you can achieve one-button control with a slight rotation. This unprecedented operation experience not only improves work efficiency, but also makes every click full of sense of technology and futurity.

　　In this era of pursuing quality and health, Magic Sound M2 Pro wireless mouse has created a more comfortable, efficient and convenient office experience for us with its unique ergonomic design, intelligent connection mode, long-term endurance and innovative knob function.

　　Organic chemistry is an important branch of studying carbon compounds, involving the source, structure, properties and other aspects of organic matter, and providing revelation for the material basis of life phenomena. It plays a key role in medicine, industrial production and other fields, but it still faces challenges such as green synthesis and drug molecular selectivity. Organic chemists are constantly exploring new reaction mechanisms and synthetic methods to promote the development of the discipline.For the immediate pressure, inhibitors With its own coping style, it can break the predicament and usher in a new life through the quality of the product itself. https://www.all-chemistry.com/

　　Generated by the author through intelligent technology

　　In the vast universe of science, organic chemistry is like a bright star, leading us to explore the mystery of life. As a subject of studying carbon compounds, organic chemistry, with its unique charm, closely links all fields of natural science and reveals the material basis of life phenomena for us. Organic chemistry, an important branch of chemistry, is a subject that studies the source, structure, properties, separation, preparation, application and related theories of organic matter. “Organic matter” here refers to compounds containing carbon elements, such as alcohols, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, etc. It is worth noting that although organic matter mainly comes from organisms, with the development of science and technology, people have been able to synthesize many artificial organic compounds with biological activity, such as drugs, dyes, plastics and so on.

　　The main research contents of organic chemistry include: synthetic chemistry of organic matter; Metal organic chemistry and elemental organic chemistry; Physical and theoretical organic chemistry; Stereochemistry; Bioorganic chemistry; Natural product chemistry; Chemistry of organic materials.

　　The importance of organic chemistry:

　　1. Basis of life: From the origin of life to the growth and development of organisms, carbon always plays a vital role. Through the study of organic chemistry, we know the structure and function of biological macromolecules such as protein, nucleic acid, sugar and lipid, which are the material basis of life.

　　2. Key in the field of medicine: Many drugs and bioactive substances are organic compounds, such as antibiotics, antiviral drugs and hormones. By studying the structure and function of these substances, scientists are constantly discovering new treatments to protect human health.

　　3. The core of industrial production: Organic chemistry plays an important role in industrial production. For example, in the process of petroleum refining, heavy hydrocarbons in petroleum can be converted into light hydrocarbons by the action of catalysts; In the process of plastic synthesis, organic chemical reactions provide a steady stream of power for the plastic industry. Although organic chemistry has made remarkable achievements in many fields, it still faces many challenges.

　　First of all, in environmental protection, how to realize green synthesis and reduce the discharge of harmful waste is an urgent problem for organic chemists.

　　Secondly, in the field of medicine, how to improve the selectivity of drug molecules and reduce side effects is also a difficult problem to be solved urgently. Faced with these challenges, organic chemists are constantly exploring new reaction mechanisms, catalysts and synthetic methods. I believe that in the near future, organic chemistry will bring us more surprises and inject new vitality into the development of human society. Organic chemistry, as a discipline to study the molecular cornerstone of life, plays an important role in natural science. Let’s walk into this wonderful world hand in hand, grow in exploration, break through in innovation, and jointly write a bright future of organic chemistry.

　　Amino acid chain is the main and core component in protein, but it is not necessarily the only component. Some protein may include some atoms or small molecules, whose function may be to perform protein function and/or increase its stability. Chemically, these cofactor are diverse, which may be organic molecules or metal elements. Some of them are briefly combined with protein chain, while others are closely combined with protein chain (sometimes even by covalent bonds) and become an integral part of the whole protein. The former is called coenzyme coenzyme, while the latter is called prosthetic group. Most coenzymes are small organic molecules from vitamins. For example, the common coenzymes NADH and FADH2. These two molecules from vitamin B complex, the former from nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) and the latter from riboflavin (vitamin B2), play the role of high-energy electron acceptor/donor in redox reaction.To some extent, recombinant proteins Our development has surpassed many peer businesses, but it has never stopped moving forward. https://www.alphalifetech.com/

　　Some enzymes use several different cofactors, such as Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), which is a key enzyme in the catabolism of sugar. The catabolism of sugar begins with glycolysis, which is a biochemical reaction pathway with 10 steps, transforming one glucose molecule into two pyruvate molecules, and then carrying out the citric acid cycle of tricarboxylic acid, which further decomposes pyruvate and oxidizes it into CO2. Pyruvate dehydrogenase PDH works at the intermediate junction of the above two reaction pathways (namely glycolysis and triacid cycle), and is responsible for activating pyruvate and enabling it to enter the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Specifically, PDH catalyzes the oxidative dearboxylation of pyruvate and forms acetyl coenzyme A (ACoA), which is the activated form of pyruvate. PDH is not a single enzyme but a complex composed of three components, each of which participates in a different step of pyruvate activation and uses different coenzymes. The first component uses thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), which is a derivative of thiamine (vitamin B1). TPP allows the first component of PDH to be oxidized and decarboxylated at the same time, thus transforming pyruvate into acetyl, and the remaining carbon is discharged as CO2. The importance of TPP will be reflected in its absence. In fact, if people can’t get enough thiamine from food, they will get beriberi, which will damage several major systems of the human body.

　　The second component in PDH uses lipoic acid. It is an auxiliary group covalently bound to PDH. The active part of lipoic acid is a cyclic structure, which contains two covalently bonded sulfur atoms (that is, S-S bonds) (Figure 2.2c). This active part catalyzes the transfer of acetyl to coenzyme coenzyme A(CoA), the third cofactor of PDH. CoA is pantothenic acid, also known as the derivative of calcium pantothenate. The combination of acetyl and pantothenic acid involves the reduction of S-S bond, and its cyclic structure will open and form two sulfhydryl groups (one SH), one of which will bind acetyl. Sulfhydryl group is easy to react chemically, which can be reflected in the fact that sulfhydryl group is easily influenced by arsenic, a toxic derivative of arsenic. To sum up, the formation of acetyl coenzyme A involves the reduction of S-S bond of pantothenic acid cyclic structure. In order to keep PDH active, these two sulfur groups must be re-oxidized to restore the S-S bond.

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　　1. Ski socks

　　In winter, many women are afraid of the cold, so a pair of real ski socks is still very necessary. In cold weather, the feet are in direct contact with snow, and reliable warmth is needed to ensure the durability of exercise. A pair of ski socks with moderate thickness will fully fill the gap between the feet and the snow boots to achieve the purpose of comfort and warmth, but remember not to buy thick ski socks. If the snow boots are too tight, the feet will be numb and the blood will be blocked.

　　2, warm and sweat-wicking clothes

　　A truly warm and sweat-wicking ski suit is necessary. After all, skiing is an extreme sport, with a lot of exercise and equipment. All needs are based on lightness, thinness and warmth. Forget the ordinary jersey and long pants. If the budget is limited, you can also have ultra-thin thermal underwear. Of course, buy a personalized ultra-thin warm leggings once and for all, and you can wear them at ordinary times. There is no need to go to the ski shop to spend more money. Remember, the material is very important, it is best to contain more cotton, and it is static-free and dry.

　　3. Grab cashmere pants

　　Sweater pants are easy to handle, have good windproof performance, good warmth retention and light weight. Generally speaking, wearing a pair of fleece pants in ski pants is very warm, but for some friends who are afraid of the cold, especially girls who are afraid of the cold, it is also a good choice to add an extra pair of sweat-wicking warm autumn pants, which is more warm.