Working principle of optical fiber sensor

　　Optical fiber sensor is a kind of sensor that uses optical principle to detect physical quantities. It uses optical fiber as sensing element, transmits optical signal to the detection end through optical fiber, and realizes the measurement of the measured physical quantity by detecting the change of signal. Optical fiber sensor has the advantages of small size, strong anti-interference ability and high reliability, and has been widely used in modern industry, military and medical fields.According to related reports, fiber optic pigtail To a large extent, it leads the changes of market conditions. https://www.fibercan-network.com/

　　

　　The working principle of optical fiber sensor is based on the transmission characteristics of optical fiber and optical sensing technology. Usually, an optical fiber sensor consists of a light source, an optical fiber, a detector and a signal processor. The light source generates an optical signal with a certain wavelength, which is transmitted to the detection end through the optical fiber. After being received by the detector, the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal, which is analyzed and processed by the signal processor to obtain the numerical value of the measured physical quantity.

　　

　　optical fibre sensor

　　

　　In optical fiber sensor, the transmission characteristics of optical fiber play a key role in measuring accuracy and reliability. The transmission characteristics of optical fiber are influenced by fiber material, fiber structure and light source. Shi Ying glass or plastic is generally used as the material of optical fiber, and its refractive index and attenuation coefficient determine the transmission speed and attenuation degree of optical signals. The structure of optical fiber includes single-mode fiber and multimode fiber, and the light transmission mode inside is different, so different types of optical fiber can be selected for different application requirements. The choice of light source will also affect the transmission characteristics of optical fiber, such as the wavelength and power of light source and other parameters will affect the transmission distance and intensity of optical signals.

　　

　　In addition to optical fiber transmission characteristics, optical sensing technology is also one of the keys of optical fiber sensors. Optical sensing technology uses the interference, scattering and absorption of optical signals to measure the measured physical quantities. For example, fiber optic gyroscopes use the interference principle of optical signals to measure the rotation angle; Optical fiber temperature sensor uses the thermal scattering effect of optical fiber materials to measure temperature; Optical fiber pressure sensor uses the pressure sensitivity of optical fiber to measure pressure.

　　

　　Optical fiber sensors are widely used. For example, in the industrial field, optical fiber sensors can be used to measure physical quantities such as pressure, temperature, displacement and vibration, and can be used in machinery manufacturing, petrochemical industry, aircraft, automobiles and other fields. In the medical field, optical fiber sensors can be used in cardiovascular surgery, endoscopic surgery and so on. In the military field, optical fiber sensors can be used in missile guidance, radio interference detection and so on. In the field of scientific research, optical fiber sensors can be used in earthquake monitoring, meteorological detection and other fields.

　　

　　Another important feature of the application of optical fiber sensor is that it can realize remote measurement. The signal of optical fiber sensor can be transmitted to a remote location through optical fiber for measurement and monitoring. This characteristic can realize the measurement of dangerous environment and inaccessible places, such as deep sea and space. In addition, optical fiber sensors can realize multi-point and distributed measurement, and connect multiple sensors together to realize real-time monitoring of large structures.

　　

　　Although optical fiber sensors have broad application prospects and high technical advantages, there are still some problems to be solved in practical application. For example, the signal transmission distance of optical fiber sensor is limited, and the signal attenuation and distortion need to be considered; The sensitivity and accuracy of optical fiber sensor need to be further improved to meet higher measurement requirements; The cost of optical fiber sensor is high, so it is necessary to find a technical solution to reduce the cost.

　　

　　In a word, optical fiber sensor is a kind of high-precision sensor based on optical principle, which has a wide application prospect and technical advantages. In the future development, we can expect the emergence of more advanced optical fiber sensor technology to meet higher measurement requirements and practical application requirements.